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Pengzhan Hao
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<item>
<title>Xv6 introduction</title>
<description>&lt;p&gt;I hate xv6, a stupid, useless education-oriented system. In this article, I will generally talk about how to implement system call to this operating system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&quot;xv6-systemcall&quot;&gt;Xv6 Systemcall&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To invoke a system call, we have to first define a user mode function to be the interface of the kernel instruction in file &lt;em&gt;user.h&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;language-c highlighter-rouge&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;n&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;language-c highlighter-rouge&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nf&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This interface-like function will then pass the function name, in this case function, to &lt;em&gt;usys.S&lt;/em&gt;. When using user mode function in programs, &lt;em&gt;usys.S&lt;/em&gt; will generate a reference to SYS_function and push system call number of this function into %eax. After that, system can know from &lt;em&gt;syscall.c&lt;/em&gt; and determining whether this system call is available. We must define same name system function and add it into &lt;em&gt;syscall.h&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;syscall.c&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;language-c highlighter-rouge&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cp&quot;&gt;#define SYS_function ## // ## is the system call number
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;n&quot;&gt;SYS_function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;n&quot;&gt;sys_function&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;c1&quot;&gt;// real system function name&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;extern&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;n&quot;&gt;sys_function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;c1&quot;&gt;// real system function declaration&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;extern&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nf&quot;&gt;sys_function&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;kt&quot;&gt;void&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;c1&quot;&gt;// real system function declaration&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;After adding these sentences to syscall files, we can implement real function in specific place where you want to make the function works well.&lt;/p&gt;